Travelogues

 Travel book, which consists of the words travel, which means "to travel, travel" in Arabic, and name (risale, letter) in Persian, means "travel letter, travel work". This is also called a campaign in Persian literature. In Arabic literature, the word rihle is mostly used in the sense of "journey" and "journeyname". Rihle is a noun from the infinitive rahl (or death with the same meaning) meaning "to migrate from one place to another" and means "migration". In ancient Arabic poetry, the Qur'an and hadiths, rihle was used in the meaning of "migration, journey, trip, travel" and the journeys and travels of the Quraysh tribe for commercial purposes were called rihle in the Qur'an (Yazıcı, 2009: 9). 

 

Are among Travelogues are among the first-hand sources, especially among historians. The main reason for this is that most of the information contained in these works is directly observed by the authors themselves. Apart from being a source, these works also contain richness in terms of content. In travel books, it is possible to find economic, cultural, anthropological and philological information in addition to historical and geographical information. In this respect, it is possible to evaluate these works among the main sources of cultural history. 

 

In the classical period, the books written by the authors about geography and the information about geography have become literary works based on the stories and observations they have witnessed and heard. Travel books are considered as primary sources for historians (Ağarı, 2008:1). 

 

Making evaluations about social life in these works, which reflect the period from the eyes of the author, makes the work important in sociological terms. In our study, Turkish food culture travel books were examined and evaluated. The travel books we studied were selected from works covering a wide Turkish geography from different periods. In this context, in the study, 13th century (Wilhelm Von Rubruk), 14th century (Ibn Battuta, Johannes Schiltberger), 15th century (Ruy Gonzales De Clavijo), 17th century (Jean-Baptiste Tavernier) and 19th century (Arminius Vámbéry). ) travel books were examined. 

 

Wilhelm Von Rubruk and Travel Period 

 

The Mongol invasion in the 13th century was a great danger for the Muslims as well as for the Christian world. In order to take precautions against this invasion, the Christian world has started various activities. Wilhelm von Rubruk, King of France IX. Ludwig (1226-1270) commissioned an envoy to the Mongols. For this purpose, he sailed from Istanbul with his entourage in May 1253 and reached the Crimea via the Black Sea. 

 

The Seljuk Sultan Izzeddin Keykavus (II., 1246-1259), whom Rubruk mentions as ruling in Turkey during his travels. The delegation of ambassadors traveled long distances through Mongolian organizations sent from one ruler to another. The delegation stayed in Karakorum for more than six months (Rubruk, 2012: 1-9). 

 

Ibn Battuta and his Travel Period 

 

Considered one of the most important travelers of the world, Ibn Battuta (Abu Abdillâh Shamsuddin (Bedrüddin) Muhammad b. Abdillah b. Muhammed b. Ibrahim al-Levâtî et-Tanci) was born on 17 Rajab 703 (February 24, 1304, in Tangier, Morocco, and is a new addition to travel books). He brought an understanding and style, gave information about the situations of people and peoples, social life, beliefs and traditions rather than the characteristics of countries and towns. 

 

Ibn Battuta's travels lasted nearly thirty years from 725 (1325). Among the places Ibn Battuta has visited are countries such as Turkey, India, China, Andalusia, Western Sudan, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt. The notes he took during his travels were damaged by the robbery in India and the sinking of the ship he boarded in Kolkata Port.

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